PM Surya Ghar Yojana: Over 10 Million Solar Rooftop Homes by 2027

India is making remarkable progress toward a sustainable energy future with the PM Surya Ghar Yojana, one of the most ambitious rooftop solar initiatives in the world. Announced by the Government of India in 2024, the scheme aims to bring clean, affordable, and renewable electricity to over 10 million households by 2027. This flagship initiative not only supports India’s renewable energy goals but also empowers millions of families to achieve energy independence and financial savings through solar rooftop installations.

In this detailed guide, we’ll explore the vision, objectives, benefits, implementation strategies, and the long-term impact of the PM Surya Ghar Yojana, along with how homeowners can benefit from adopting rooftop solar systems under this scheme.

1. Understanding the PM Surya Ghar Yojana

The PM Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojana (also known as the PM Surya Ghar Yojana) was launched with a bold vision—to make solar power accessible to every household in India. Under this scheme, the government aims to install rooftop solar systems in one crore (10 million) homes by 2027.

The initiative is part of India’s broader commitment to reduce dependency on fossil fuels and increase the share of renewable energy in its total power generation mix. It aligns with India’s target of achieving 500 GW of renewable energy capacity by 2030 and achieving net-zero emissions by 2070.

Through this program, the government provides financial subsidies, easy loan facilities, and technical assistance to households that install rooftop solar systems. The scheme particularly focuses on middle- and lower-income families, helping them generate free electricity for decades.

2. Objectives of the PM Surya Ghar Yojana

The PM Surya Ghar Yojana is designed with multiple economic, social, and environmental goals in mind. Its key objectives include:

1. Promoting solar energy adoption across rural and urban households.
2. Reducing electricity costs for families, ensuring affordable and reliable power.
3. Enhancing India’s renewable energy capacity through decentralized solar generation.
4. Reducing dependence on coal-based power and lowering carbon emissions.
5. Creating employment opportunities in the solar manufacturing, installation, and maintenance sectors.
6. Empowering citizens to become self-sufficient energy producers.
   
   

By achieving these objectives, the government aims to transform the country’s energy ecosystem from a consumption-based model to a generation-based model, where households become active contributors to India’s green energy revolution.

3. Government Subsidy Under PM Surya Ghar Yojana

One of the main reasons for the popularity of the PM Surya Ghar Yojana is its attractive subsidy structure. The government provides direct financial assistance to reduce the upfront cost of rooftop solar installation.

Here’s how the subsidy works:

• For systems up to 2 kW capacity: ₹30,000 per kW subsidy
• For systems above 2 kW: ₹60,000 total subsidy
• For systems above 3 kW: ₹78,000 is the maximum subsidy limit
  
  

These subsidies are directly credited to the homeowner’s bank account through the National Portal for Rooftop Solar, making the process transparent and hassle-free.

For instance, a 3 kW rooftop solar system that typically costs around ₹1.8–2 lakh may effectively cost just ₹1.2–1.4 lakh after subsidy. This reduction makes solar power highly affordable and ensures faster return on investment.

4. Implementation and Progress: Targeting 10 Million Homes by 2027

The government has set an ambitious target to bring solar rooftop systems to 10 million homes by 2027, with a cumulative installed capacity of approximately 40 GW.

To achieve this, the implementation strategy involves close coordination between:

• Central and State Governments
• Distribution Companies (DISCOMs)
• Solar module manufacturers
• EPC service providers
• Financial institutions
  
  

Each household installation contributes not only to personal energy savings but also to the national grid, enhancing overall energy security.

As of 2025, the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) and various state nodal agencies have accelerated awareness drives and simplified the online application process. The National Rooftop Portal enables citizens to apply online, track their installation status, and claim subsidies directly.

5. How Homeowners Benefit from the Solar Rooftop System

Switching to rooftop solar under the PM Surya Ghar Yojana offers several financial and environmental benefits for households:

a. Free Electricity Up to 300 Units per Month

Households can generate their own electricity and get up to 300 units free each month, depending on their system capacity and energy usage.

b. Substantial Savings on Power Bills

After installation, homeowners can save thousands of rupees every month by reducing grid electricity consumption. In some cases, surplus power can even be sold back to the grid through net metering.

c. Low Maintenance, Long-Term Benefits

Rooftop solar systems have a lifespan of 25 years, require minimal maintenance, and offer a payback period of 3–5 years, making them a financially smart choice.

d. Increase in Property Value

A solar-powered home is considered modern, sustainable, and cost-efficient, which can increase the resale value of the property.

e. Contribution to a Greener Planet

Every solar rooftop reduces carbon emissions, helping combat climate change and protect the environment for future generations.

6. The Role of Solar Rooftop Systems in India’s Energy Transition

India’s journey toward clean energy depends heavily on distributed solar generation, and rooftop solar plays a pivotal role. Unlike large-scale solar parks that require vast land areas, rooftop solar systems utilize existing residential and commercial building spaces.

By targeting 10 million homes, the government can achieve a decentralized energy revolution where millions of households collectively generate a substantial portion of the nation’s electricity demand.

Moreover, rooftop solar projects help reduce transmission losses, balance grid demand, and improve rural electrification by making homes self-reliant in power generation.

7. Employment and Economic Impact

The PM Surya Ghar Yojana is not just an environmental initiative—it’s a massive employment generation program as well. The large-scale adoption of rooftop solar will create new jobs in areas such as:

• Solar module manufacturing
• System design and engineering
• Installation and commissioning
• Operations and maintenance services
• Energy auditing and sales
  
  

It is estimated that achieving the 10 million home target could create over 15–20 lakh jobs across India, providing livelihoods to youth, technicians, and engineers.

Additionally, the increased demand for solar components will boost domestic solar manufacturing, supporting the government’s Make in India and Atmanirbhar Bharat missions.

8. Environmental Benefits of Rooftop Solar

The PM Surya Ghar Yojana contributes significantly to India’s fight against climate change. By replacing conventional electricity (mainly from coal) with solar power, the country can reduce millions of tons of CO₂ emissions annually.

Some key environmental benefits include:

• Reduction in air pollution and carbon footprint
• Conservation of natural resources like coal and water
• Promotion of clean and sustainable cities
• Support for India’s net-zero emission target
  
  

Each 3 kW rooftop solar system can offset nearly 3,000–4,000 kg of CO₂ emissions per year, equivalent to planting more than 150 trees annually.

9. How to Apply for the PM Surya Ghar Yojana

The Government of India has made the application process extremely simple and digital. Here’s how you can apply:

1. Visit the National Portal for Rooftop Solar (https://solarrooftop.gov.in).
2. Register using your state and electricity distribution company (DISCOM) details.
3. Submit your rooftop solar installation proposal.
4. Select a vendor from the list of approved suppliers.
5. Once installed, the system will be inspected by DISCOM officials.
6. After approval, your subsidy amount will be transferred directly to your bank account.
   

This streamlined digital approach ensures transparency, accountability, and speedy processing of applications.

10. Challenges and the Road Ahead

While the progress under the PM Surya Ghar Yojana is promising, several challenges must be addressed to ensure smooth implementation:

• Awareness Gap: Many rural and urban households are still unaware of the scheme’s benefits.
• Financing Barriers: Despite subsidies, some families may need affordable financing options.
• Quality Standards: Ensuring high-quality solar panels and installation services is crucial for long-term success.
• Grid Integration: Effective net metering and grid management systems are required for stability.
  
  

The government, along with solar companies, must focus on awareness campaigns, technical training, and streamlined subsidy disbursal to achieve the 2027 target successfully.

11. The Future of Rooftop Solar in India

With the PM Surya Ghar Yojana, India is moving closer to becoming a solar-powered nation. The growing number of rooftop installations is transforming ordinary households into micro power plants that supply clean energy to the grid.

In the coming years, we can expect:

• Wider adoption of smart inverters and battery storage for energy management.
• Increased participation of private solar companies and startups.
• Enhanced focus on solar integration with electric vehicles (EVs).
• Expansion of rooftop solar to schools, hospitals, and small businesses.

The combination of government support, technological advancement, and public participation will make rooftop solar a cornerstone of India’s clean energy future.

12. Conclusion

The PM Surya Ghar Yojana represents a landmark step in India’s journey toward sustainability and self-reliance. By targeting over 10 million households for rooftop solar installations by 2027, the initiative is reshaping the nation’s energy landscape.

Beyond generating free and clean electricity, it is empowering citizens, creating jobs, reducing carbon emissions, and supporting the vision of a greener and brighter India.

If you are a homeowner, there has never been a better time to go solar. Through the solar rooftop system under the PM Surya Ghar Yojana, you can save money, contribute to the planet, and be a proud part of India’s renewable energy revolution.